• Purity

  >98%, by HPLC.

• Activity

  Add Recombinant Human SUMO1 Vinyl Sulfone to     in vitro assays to inhibit SUMO-specific isopeptidases (SENPs). Reaction conditions will need to be optimized for each specific application. We recommend an initial Recombinant Human SUMO1 Vinyl Sulfone concentration of 1-5 μM.

• Source

  E. coli-derived Contains a C-terminal Vinyl Sulfone

• Accession #

• Predicted Molecular Mass

  11 kDa

Background: SUMO1

Human Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1 (SUMO1), also known as Sentrin, UBL1, and SMT3C, is synthesized as a 101 amino acid (aa) propeptide with a predicted molecular weight of 11.5 kDa. Human SUMO1 is the most unique of the four identified SUMO proteins and shares only 44%, 47%, and 41% aa sequence identity with SUMO2, SUMO3, and SUMO4, respectively. In contrast, human SUMO1 shares 100% aa sequence identity with the mouse ortholog. SUMOs are a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed SUMOylation (1-3). All SUMO proteins share a conserved Ubiquitin domain and a C-terminal diglycine cleavage/attachment site. Following cleavage of a four aa C-terminal prosegment, the C-terminal glycine residue of SUMO1 is enzymatically attached to a lysine residue on a target protein. In humans, SUMO1 is conjugated to a variety of molecules in the presence of the SAE1/UBA2 SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme and the UBE2I/Ubc9 SUMO-conjugating (E2) enzyme (4,5). In yeast, the SUMO-activating (E1) enzyme is Aos1/Uba2p (6). SUMOylation can occur without the requirement of a specific SUMO ligase (E3), where SUMO1 is transferred directly from UBE2I/Ubc9 to specific substrates. In Alzheimer's disease models SUMO1 has been shown to influence the generation of Amyloid-beta peptide by promoting the accumulation of BACE-1 (7). Covalent modification of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Deleted on Chromosome (PTEN) by SUMO1 is thought to regulate tumorigenesis by retaining PTEN at the plasma membrane, an effect that suppresses PI 3-Kinase/Akt-dependent tumor growth (8).

A potent, irreversible and specific inhibitor of SUMO-specific or proteases (SENPs). Useful for inhibiting the hydrolysis of poly-SUMO chains on substrate proteins in vitro and thus enhances poly-SUMO chain accumulation.

• References:

1. Desterro, J.M. et al. (1997) FEBS. Lett. 417:297.

2. Bettermann, K. et al. (2012) Cancer Lett. 316:113.

3. Praefcke, G.J. et al. (2012) Trends Biochem. Sci. 37:23.

4. Okuma, T. et al. (1999) Biochem. Biophys. Res.  Commun. 254:693.

5. Tatham, M.H. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:35368.

6. Johnson, E.S. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:5509.

7. Yun, S.M. et al. (2012) Neurobiol Aging. [Epub ahead of print].

8. Huang, J. et al. (2012) Nat. Commun. 3:911.

• Long Name:

  Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier 1

• Entrez Gene IDs:

  7341 (Human); 22218 (Mouse); 301442 (Rat)

• Alternate Names:

  DAP1; GAP modifying protein 1; GAP-modifying protein 1; GMP1SMT3CSMT3H3OFC10UBL1PIC1; PIC1; SENP2; Sentrin; small ubiquitin-related modifier 1; SMT3 homolog 3; SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae); SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (yeast); SMT3; SMT3C; SMT3H3; SUMO1; SUMO-1; Ubiquitin-homology domain protein PIC1; ubiquitin-like 1 (sentrin); Ubiquitin-like protein SMT3C; Ubiquitin-like protein UBL1; UBL1